{"id":386,"date":"2020-04-09T11:33:48","date_gmt":"2020-04-09T11:33:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thechemicalelements.com\/?page_id=386"},"modified":"2023-08-15T09:21:01","modified_gmt":"2023-08-15T09:21:01","slug":"neon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thechemicalelements.com\/neon\/","title":{"rendered":"Neon (Ne)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Neon is a chemical element with the atomic number 10 in the periodic table. It\u2019s the fourth most abundant element found in the Universe, with an abundance of 0.00022% in Earth\u2019s crust. Being a member of the noble gasses group in the periodic table, this chemically inert substance has eight valence electrons and does not participate in any chemical compound. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Chemical and Physical Properties of Neon<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Property<\/strong><\/td>Value<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Symbol of Neon<\/td>Ne<\/td><\/tr>
Name<\/td>Neon<\/td><\/tr>
Atomic Number of Neon<\/td>10<\/td><\/tr>
Group of Neon<\/td>Noble Gas<\/td><\/tr>
Crystal Structure of Neon<\/td>Cubic: Face centered<\/td><\/tr>
Atomic Weight of Neon<\/td>20.1797<\/td><\/tr>
Shells of Neon<\/td>2,8<\/td><\/tr>
Orbitals of Neon<\/td>[He] 2s2 2p6<\/td><\/tr>
Valence of Neon<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr>
Melting Point of Neon<\/td>24.55<\/td><\/tr>
Boiling Point of Neon<\/td>27.102<\/td><\/tr>
Electro Negativity of Neon<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr>
Covalent Radius of Neon<\/td>0.71 \u00c5<\/td><\/tr>
Atomic Radius of Neon<\/td>0.51 \u00c5<\/td><\/tr>
Atomic Volume of Neon<\/td>17.3 cm\u00b3\/mol<\/td><\/tr>
Name Origin of Neon<\/td>Greek: neos (new).<\/td><\/tr>
Discovered of Neon By<\/td>Sir William Ramsey, M.W. Travers<\/td><\/tr>
Year<\/td>1898<\/td><\/tr>
Location<\/td>England<\/td><\/tr>
Pronounced of Neon<\/td>NEE-on<\/td><\/tr>
Oxydation States of Neon<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr>
Density of Neon<\/td>0.0008999 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td><\/tr>
Uses of Neon<\/td>Primarily for lighting.<\/td><\/tr>
Description of Neon<\/td>Soft silvery-white metal. Sixth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. Burns in air with a brilliant white flame.<\/td><\/tr>
Physical state<\/td>Gas at room temperature<\/td><\/tr>
Half-life<\/td>From 7.7(3)\u00d710\u221222 seconds to 3.38 minutes<\/td><\/tr>
Electronegativity according to Pauling<\/td>Unknown<\/td><\/tr>
Isotopes<\/td>19<\/td><\/tr>
Most characteristic isotope<\/td>20Ne<\/td><\/tr>
The energy of the first ionization<\/td>3952 kJ.mol-1<\/td><\/tr>
The energy of the second ionization<\/td>6122 kJ.mol-1<\/td><\/tr>
Discovery date<\/td>In 1898 by Sir William Ramsay and Morris Travers<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

With the periodic table symbol 10, atomic number 10, atomic mass of 20.179 g.mol-1, and electron configuration<\/a> [He]2s22p6, neon is a chemically inert, colorless, odorless, diamagnetic, and non-toxic gas. It reaches its boiling point at \u2212246.046\u00b0C, \u2212410.883\u00b0F, 27.104 K, while the melting point is achieved at \u2212248.59\u00b0C, \u2212415.46\u00b0F, 24.56 K. This rare monoatomic atmospheric gas has an unknown electronegativity according to Pauling, while the atomic radius of neon according to van der Waals is 0.16 nm.  <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neon is a rare gas with a closely packed cubic structure composed of molecules that contain a single atom of this chemical element. It is classified in the group of noble gasses, together with helium<\/a>, argon<\/a>, krypton<\/a>, and xenon<\/a>. These chemical elements are not only the most stable substances in the periodic table but also the least reactive ones because they all have a full outer valence shell. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sharing the properties of its family of the periodic table<\/a>, neon is also an excellent conductor of electricity which exhibits the most prominent characteristic of this chemical element – the colorful glow.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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How Was Neon Discovered?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The story of neon\u2019s discovery begins in 1898. After having successfully isolated the elements argon and helium, the Scottish chemist Sir William Ramsay (1852 – 1916) and his English fellow Morris Travers (1872 \u2013 1961) made an effort to achieve a new scientific discovery at the University College of London. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As an experienced chemist, Ramsey was aware of the fact that a chemical element may often hide a new, undiscovered substance within its structure. For this reason, these two scientists attempted to freeze the argon sample by using liquid air. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

After gases (nitrogen<\/a>, oxygen, argon, and krypton) evaporated, the residue turned out to be an undefined gaseous substance that emitted a bright crimson glow when ionized. Especially after krypton had been removed from the residue, there was a gaseous substance that gave a brilliant red light detected by the method of spectroscopy. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ramsay was firmly convinced that this is the element that would fit into the predicted position in the periodic table, which was located between the elements helium and argon. In 1904, Sir William Ramsay was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in recognition of his great achievement and discovery of the inert gaseous elements in the air.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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How Did Neon Get Its Name?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The name of this chemical element comes from the Greek word \u2018\u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u2019 (neon) with its literal translation being \u2018\u201cnew\u201d. Since the chemical behavior of the inert gas they successfully isolated from an argon sample was rather new for Ramsay and Travers, the scientists decided to name their new element \u201cneon\u201d, thus borrowing the Greek term denoting \u201cthe new gas\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Where Can You Find Neon?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Neon is both a rare and abundant substance. In the Universe, element 10 was formed by the alpha process in stars. This process refers to the internal pressure of the large mass stars that triggered the fusion of the carbon<\/a> atoms into neon atoms. Near the end of these stars, they enter the carbon burning phase and form neon, oxygen<\/a>, magnesium<\/a>, and sodium<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rarely found in the Earth’s atmosphere, neon can occur in diamonds and some volcanic vents. For commercial purposes, neon is primarily obtained from the liquefying air. The production of neon is a relatively expensive process – both the liquid neon and the neon gas can be priced 55 times more than the liquid helium.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Neon in Everyday Life<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The most prominent and popular use of neon is in the bright, neon signs. However, this chemical also has a number of other applications in the everyday life:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n