There are 7 elements that are classified as “other metals”. These elements are located in groups 13, 14, and 15.
Such elements are ductile and malleable, although they are not the same as the transition elements. These elements do not exhibit variable oxidation states. Also their valence electrons are only in their outer shell.
The following elements below are solid, opaque and have a relatively high density. They have oxidation numbers of +3, ±4, and -3.
| Name | Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum | Al | 13 | 26.981539 |
| Gallium | Ga | 31 | 69.723 |
| Indium | In | 49 | 114.818 |
| Tin | Sn | 50 | 118.71 |
| Thallium | Tl | 81 | 204.3833 |
| Lead | Pb | 82 | 207.2 |
| Bismuth | Bi | 83 | 208.98037 |
Moscovium is a synthetic element with the atomic number 115. It was first created in 2003 by scientists in Russia and the United States, and it is named after the Moscow region, where part of the discovery took place. Because it doesn’t exist naturally and breaks down very quickly—within milliseconds—Moscovium can only be studied in … Read more
Livermorium, element 116, exists at the edge of the periodic table, a synthetic element formed through the collision of lighter nuclei in a laboratory setting. It is highly unstable, with a lifetime measured in milliseconds, and cannot be found in nature. Positioned in group 16, beneath polonium, Livermorium is expected to show metallic properties, but … Read more
Ununtrium (or Nihonium – Nh) is a radioactive chemical element with the atomic number 113 in the periodic table. There is insufficient evidence of the chemical properties of this synthetically produced substance classified in the boron family of the periodic table. Since there are only a few atoms produced, this extremely radioactive and rapidly decaying … Read more
Flerovium, element 114, represents an extraordinary achievement in nuclear chemistry that demonstrates the remarkable limits of atomic stability. Named after the distinguished Soviet physicist Georgy Flyorov, Flerovium occupies a position in the theoretical “island of stability” – a region where super-heavy elements can briefly exist despite conventional expectations. These atoms are synthesized through the collision … Read more
Bismuth is a chemical element with the atomic number 86 in the periodic table. With 0.00002% of abundance, it’s the 71st most abundant chemical element in Earth’s crust. Element 86 is a pentavalent chemical element that participates in many compounds, as well as a member of the post-transition metals family of elements. The chemical properties … Read more
Lead is a chemical element with atomic number 82 in the periodic table. It’s available in Earth’s crust at 14 ppm and is typically found in the form of several different lead ores. This lustrous heavy metal has four valence electrons and the heaviest stable atom among all other elements of Mendeleev’s system. Element 82 … Read more
Thallium is a chemical element with the atomic number 81 in the periodic table. It’s a moderately abundant metal, found in trace amounts in Earth’s crust. In fact, thallium is 10 times more abundant than silver. Being a member of the aluminum family of periodic table elements, this post-transition metal has three valence electrons and … Read more
Tin is a chemical element with the atomic number 50 in the periodic table. It’s the 49th most plentiful element found in Earth’s crust. Being a member of the post-transition metal family of periodic, the element 50 has four valence electrons and three allotropes. While the pure, elemental form of tin is classified as a … Read more
Indium is a chemical element with atomic number 49 in the periodic table. It occurs in quantities of around 0.1 parts per million (ppm) in Earth’s crust, and it’s a member of the aluminum family with amphoteric properties. The outer shell electrons of indium adopt the oxidation states +1, +2, or +3 when forming compounds … Read more
Gallium (Ga) is a chemical element with an atomic number of 31 in the periodic table of elements. It mainly occurs as a part of the chemical compounds found in Earth’s crust, in a quantity of 0.0005%. This chemical substance is a member of the boron family (group 13), which includes the semi-metal boron (B) … Read more